Delta-sigma noise shaping in 2D spacetime for uniform linear aperture array receivers
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A multi-dimensional noise-shaping method based on delta-sigma modulation has been proposed. This method extends delta-sigma modulation into the two-dimensional (2-D) case (space, time). The proposed noise-shaping method employs lossless discrete integrators for realization in microwave and mm-wave array processing systems. The paper shows that 2-D noise-shaping reduces the spectral overlap of a desired array signal with that of noise. By reducing the overlap of the ROSs, 2-D filtering can be used to improve the overall noise figure of the array receiver. A noise figure improvement of 2.6 dB could be simulated for a 4-times spatially over-sampled array with 65 simulated elements for an input signal to noise ratio of 10 dB and LNA noise figure of 5 dB. Simulation results based on wideband signals on 33, 65, 129 and 257 element antenna arrays with 2, 4 and 8 times oversampling show the potential capability of the proposed system in improving overall noise figure. Although mathematical modeling shows potential improvements in receiver noise figure, RF integrated circuit realizations are challenging and have not been attempted yet.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it