[Quarterly occurrence of selected types of birth defects in the Czech Republic in the 1994-2005 twelve-year period].
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIM OF STUDY: An analysis of quarterly occurrence of selected types of birth defects in the Czech republic in the 1994 - 2005 twelve-year period. Evaluation of possible changes of occurrence of selected types of birth defects along with standard deviations from mean values calculated from 1974 - 1993 period data. TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective analysis of quarterly data from the National Birth Defect Register in 1994 - 2005 period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Mean incidences of birth defects from the previous 1974-2003 period (per 10,000 live births) were calculated and compared to current data from each particular quarter. A calculation of observed/expected rates (O/E ratio) for particular selected birth defects was performed. Further, results are presented by means of figures and are widely discussed. RESULTS: In 1994-2005 period, totally 1,132,567 children were born in the Czech Republic. Out of this number, 38 298 children were born with one or more birth defects. The mean incidence of birth defects was 338.15 per 10,000 live birth in the period under the study. Our results make clear, that incidences of particular defects as well as incidences as a whole are influenced by several factors making possible incidences increase. These factors are extremely difficult to assess individually and separately, therafore a particular period and a particular population is to be considered. CONCLUSIONS: Incidences of 11 selected types of birth defects and their time-changes are analyzed. Current registration of birth defects and their incidences analysis as a vital part of a environmental factors assessment is underlined.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".