How much do parents know about their children's heart condition and prophylaxis against endocarditis?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Caregivers are frequently expected to serve as a conduit for information between heath care providers; however, few previous studies showed inadequate parental knowledge about their children's heart disease. OBJECTIVES: To assess parental knowledge regarding their children's congenital heart disease, risk of bacterial endocarditis (BE) and requirement for BE prophylaxis. METHODS: Parents of 65 consecutive children with heart disease, aged from two months to 16 years, were asked to complete a survey while awaiting their ambulatory appointment. RESULTS: On average, patients had been seen by 1.7 cardiologists and had attended 7.8 clinic appointments before the study, with 55% having undergone heart surgery and 18% currently taking cardiac medications. In general, caregivers felt they had received full explanation of their child's condition (89%) and were informed sufficiently about ongoing care (91%), yet only 71% knew the specific name of their child's heart defect, with 65% being able to correctly explain the condition in layman's terms. Of the 55 children whose heart defects fulfilled risk criteria for BE, only 47% of their parents declared to have ever heard of the disease, with just 25% able to correctly define it. Although 71% of the children's parents knew that special medication was required when seeing a dentist, only 29% were aware of any other situations when they would also require it. As many as 27% of the children who required BE prophylaxis had had significant dental problems in the past, including root canals, extracted teeth, braces, caps and gingivitis. CONCLUSION: Many parents are not familiar with their child's heart disease and do not understand the risks of BE or the need for BE prophylaxis. Results of this study and several other queries published over the past 20 years point to the need for continuous education of patients and their parents by physicians, nurses and allied health care providers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".