THE RAMAN STUDY OF WEATHERING MINERALS FROM THE CORANDA-HONDOL OPEN PIT (CERTEJ GOLD-SILVER DEPOSIT) AND THEIR PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION PRODUCTS UNDER LASER IRRADIATION
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Coranda-Hondol ore deposit (Certej, Romania) is a sulfide ore deposit that was mined primarily for gold, silver, lead, and zinc. Secondary minerals were formed through a precipitation process from sulfate solutions with a high concentration of dissolved metals (especially Fe). These sulfate solutions resulted from acid mine drainage. Fourteen waste samples were analyzed through Raman spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Fe 3+ -, Fe 2+ -, Cu-, Zn-, Ca-, Mg-, and MnAl-hydrated sulfates were identified. All are unstable when exposed to the laser beam of the Raman spectrometer. Coquimbite, copiapite, ferricopiapite, hydroniumjarosite, and gunningite turn into anhydrous forms or oxides, depending on the laser power. Gypsum turns into bassanite, while apjohnite loses all water molecules at 53.6 mW laser power on the surface of the sample. Rhomboclase, melanterite, rozenite, antlerite, and brochantite break down without forming new minerals. Fe 2+ -sulfates do not change into hematite under laser irradiation. Epsomite and hexahydrite are stable at 53.6 mW laser power.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".