Culturing Olfactory Ensheathing Glia from the Mouse Olfactory Epithelium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The majority of studies centered on understanding the in vitro properties of olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) have utilized OEG prepared from the nerve fiber layer of the embryonic or neonatal olfactory bulb ( 1 – 3 ), summarized in chapter 4. In fact, a significant fraction of the OEG population is found within the lamina propria of the olfactory epithelium as they ensheath olfactory receptor axons en route to the olfactory bulb Fig. 1 ). Generating olfactory ensheathing glia from the lamina propria presents a unique set of obstaclesfreeing the lamina propria tissue from the neuronal epithelium, the cartilaginous turbinates, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) in which the cells are embedded, in a way that will avoid fibroblast contamination. Thus, the method used to culture epithelium-derived OEGs is quite different from the method for bulb-derived glia, and encompasses steps to minimize cartilage contamination (careful dissection), digest away ECM (using a defined enzyme treatment), and remove fibroblasts, which certainly will find their way into the culture (cytotoxic lysis of contaminating fibroblasts). This method generates a culture of proliferating olfactory ensheathing glia that express, thus far, the same antigenic markers as bulb-derived olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) ( 4 ). The procedure outlined in this chapter has been shown to eliminate 99% of nonglial cells from the glial culture by passage 3, and to produce a glial culture that is 98-100% positive for the glial markers (glial fibrillary acidic protein) (GFAP), S100Beta and p75, at 4 wk in vitro. Distribution of olfactory ensheathing glia. Olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG, depicted by stars) are distributed throughout the olfactory neuraxis and ensheath the olfactory nerve from the olfactory turbinates (in the peripheral nervous system, PNS), through the cribriform plate and around the olfactory bulb (in the central nervous system, CNS). These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".