Profile of patients with mild-to-moderate acne in Europe: a survey
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although acne is almost universal in teenagers, few large cohort studies have investigated the profile of acne patients. To identify the profile of European patients with mild-to-moderate acne. an epidemiological study was performed using inclusion data from a prospective, international, observational phase IV study conducted in patients prescribed an anti-acne cream containing retinaldehyde, glycolic acid, modified rhamnose and Avene Thermal Spring Water. A total of 2926 patients (73.1% female) with mild to moderate acne (mean Global Evaluation of Acne score of 2.55 ± 0.7), aged 22.5 ± 8.0 years, were included in France, Switzerland, Italy and Portugal. A family history of acne was present in 62.9% of patients and mean age at acne onset was 16.0 ± 4.9 years. In total, 69.6% of patients had moderate to severe hyperseborrhoea, 35.6% acne lesions on both face and trunk, 23.6% facial pigmentation and 46% scars. The extent of acne was significantly associated with sex, age at acne onset, history of acne and presence of scars. In women, acne onset was delayed (p<0.0001) and a family history of acne and extension to the trunk were less common than in men (p = 0.0118, and p<0.0001), as were scars (p = 0.0042). In subjects with a family history of acne, the frequency in men was higher (p = 0.0118), acne onset was earlier (p<0.0001) and extension to the trunk and presence of scars were more common (both p<0.0001). Further epidemiological studies would help define specific risk factors for acne occurrence or progression, which may be modified.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it