Tuberculosis in Calgary, Canada, 1995-2002: site of disease and drug susceptibility.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SETTING: A centre managing all tuberculosis (TB) cases in the population of the Calgary region in Canada. OBJECTIVE: To facilitate the diagnosis and management of TB by examining the distribution of TB by site of disease and the prevalence and pattern of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a north American setting. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of data collected at the time of diagnosis of all TB cases recorded during the 8-year period 1995-2002. Data collected included demographic information, site of disease, method of diagnosis and M. tuberculosis drug susceptibility. RESULTS: During the 8-year period, 435 cases of TB were diagnosed: 49% had exclusively extra-pulmonary disease. Lymph node disease (usually cervical) accounted for 44% of the extra-pulmonary cases. A culture of M. tuberculosis resistant to at least one first-line anti-tuberculosis drug was detected in 16% of the initial isolates. All of the resistant strains were found in foreign-born patients and resistance was more common in patients from Asia (19%) and in previously treated patients (26%). CONCLUSION: Extra-pulmonary TB is common in the foreign-born population in the Calgary region, and this pattern may be more widespread than is realised. Drug-resistant strains of TB were more common in foreign-born and previously treated patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".