Neutron Radiation Induced Soft Error Rates for an Adjacent-ECC Protected SRAM in 28 nm CMOS
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report on measured neutron radiation induced soft error rates (SER) for an academic, full-custom, low-power 75 kb SRAM macro in a commercial 28 nm CMOS process protected with an adjacent-bit error correction circuit (ECC). In low voltage (0.5 V) power saving mode, measurements show an 189x improvement in SER over an unprotected baseline array and a 5x improvement over a traditional single-error-correcting-double-error-detecting (SEC-DED) code using the same number of parity check-bits. Further, simulation results show an over 2x reduction in SER compared to other multi-bit ECCs while using three fewer check-bits. Chip measurement results show that the low voltage retention mode provides a 89.7% reduction in cell leakage current/bit compared to the nominal supply voltage. All radiation measurement data has been collected at the TRIUMF Neutron Irradiation Facility in Vancouver, Canada.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it