EPN-37PAEDIATRIC SPINAL EPENDYMOMA IN CANADA: A MULTICENTRE RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ependymomas in children are predominantly located intracranially, with spinal cord ependymomas being rare. Our objective was to determine long-term outcomes of our Canadian paediatric cohort with spinal ependymoma. METHODS: This retrospective multicentre study analysed diagnosis, treatment and outcome of spinal ependymoma patients treated at 9 paediatric oncology centres in Canada between 1986 and 2006. RESULTS: Thirty-six children (20 male), median age 11.9 years (interquartile range 9.1 to 14.4 years), were identified. Length of follow-up was 72.8 months (34.6 to 108.4 months). Thirty-one patients (86%) had WHO grade I disease (all myxopapillary ependymoma located in cauda equina), while 5 (14%) had WHO grade 2 disease. Twenty-five of 36 patients (69%) underwent gross total resection (GTR) of tumour, with 11/36 (31%) patients having incomplete resections. Six patients received focal adjuvant radiation therapy. Twelve of 36 (33%) relapsed, with a median time to relapse of 27 months. Six of 25 patients (24%) with GTR relapsed, while 6/11 (55%) patients with incomplete resection relapsed. Among relapsed patients, 9 underwent further surgery (4 GTR, 4 incomplete resection, 1 unknown) and 8 had adjuvant radiation therapy. There was no statistical difference in WHO grade and whether adjuvant radiation therapy was administered at diagnosis between relapse and non-relapse patients. Seventeen patients (47%) were disease-free, 18 (50%) were alive with disease, and tumour status on one patient was unknown. One patient died of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Spinal ependymoma in children is rare, but overall survival outcomes are excellent despite some children suffering recurrence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".