A New Approach to Primary Culture of Human Gastric Epithelium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The gastric mucosa assumes several digestive and protective functions including enzyme and mucus secretion, as well as sterilization of the luminal content through the release of hydrochloric acid. Distinct epithelial populations located in specific compartments of the gastric pit-gland units mediate these secretory functions. In addition, previous studies from our laboratory (1-5) and others suggest that local growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins may cooperatively regulate epithelial morphogenesis, differentiation, and home-ostasis at the level of the stomach. Owing to the absence of a normal or cancer cell line that could serve as an in vitro model to delineate the molecular mechanisms involved, gastric epithelial biology mostly relied on primary culture of epithelial cells freshly isolated from the stomach mucosae of animal species. The protocols used were based on two different approaches, i.e., microsurgi-cal/scraping techniques and enzymatic treatments. The first requires laboratory expertise and, unless gradient fractionation or elutriation is used to purify glandular cells, these are rapidly overgrown during the first 2 d of culture by dividing mucous cells originating from the pits (foveolae) of gastric units (6-8). The second approach, which commonly uses a combination of collagenase and hyaluronidase, generates cultures that are initially composed of mucus-secreting cells mainly, with a low proportion of acid-secreting parietal cells (9,10). Such cultures are also devoid of glandular zymogenic cells, named chief or pepsino-gen cells. These represent the major cell type found at the base of gastric glands and they are highly specialized for the secretion of pepsinogens. Their absence in epithelial cultures is particularly deleterious for the advancement of gastric physiology in humans. Indeed, human chief cells not only contribute to the digestion of dietary proteins, but also to triglyceride lipolysis through the secretion of a bile salt-independent and acid-tolerent gastric lipase, which is absent in rodents.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".