Estimation of Low-Temperature Mass-Transfer Properties of Methane and Carbon Dioxide in <i>n</i>-Decane, Hexadecane, and Bitumen Using the Pressure-Decay Technique
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The pressure-decay technique is used to determine the diffusivity and solubility of methane and carbon dioxide in pure hydrocarbons and bitumen at temperatures of 0, 15, 20, and 25 °C and pressure of 3.5 MPa. An analytical–graphical technique is implemented to extract the related mass-transfer parameters, i.e., diffusion coefficient and Henry’s constant, from the pressure-decay data. The results reveal that the diffusion coefficient of methane and carbon dioxide in both pure hydrocarbons and bitumen decreases as the temperature decreases. On the basis of the estimated Henry’s constants, the effect of the temperature on the solubility of the gaseous solvents in bitumen and pure hydrocarbons is also determined. As expected, the solubility of both gases in the studied pure hydrocarbons increases as the temperature decreases. In addition to confirmation of the known trends, this study provides new experimental data for the low-temperature gas–hydrocarbon diffusion process.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".