Decentralization and Universalization of Educational Development in Nigeria: Regional Variability in the Implementation of Legal Provisions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research examined the current level of diffusion of societal values into academic culture of the nation's school systems. A descriptive survey design was employed that used questionnaires and observation scales for data collection from 200 randomly sampled principals and teachers of public secondary schools. Analysis of the findings using ANOVA and t-tests revealed no significant difference in the opinions of participants on the ills of societal values permeating into school systems. However, principals differ significantly from teachers on teachers' attitudes toward enforcing school rules and regulations. Based on these findings it was recommended that principals of secondary schools develop competence in controlling the permeability of the school membrane to potentially harmful values. Cette étude porte sur le niveau actuel de diffusion de valeurs sociétales dans la culture académique des systèmes scolaires du pays. Une enquête descriptive reposant sur des questionnaires et des échelles d'observation a permis la collecte de données auprès de 200 directeurs d'écoles et enseignants choisis au hasard dans des écoles secondaires publiques. L'analyse des données par une méthode d'analyse de la variance et par des tests T n'a pas révélé de différence notable dans les opinions des participants quant aux méfaits des valeurs sociétales qui s'infiltraient dans les systèmes scolaires. Toutefois, les opinions des directeurs sur l'application des règlements de l'école se distinguaient nettement de celles des enseignants à ce sujet. En tenant compte de ces résultats, il est recommandé que les directeurs d'écoles secondaires s'exercent à contrôler la résistance de la membrane scolaire à l'entrée de valeurs qui pourraient s'avérer nocives.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.015 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".