THE CONTROL OF APPLE MAGGOTS IN ORGANIC ORCHARDS WITH GF-120 NF NATURALYTE* FRUIT FLY BAIT
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The apple maggot (Rhagoletis pomonella) is indigenous to North America and is especially widespread in eastern Canada, causing fruit damage and economic loss. It is a quarantine pest and infested apples have little or no market value. For organic orchards, the only registered control product is Surround ® , a kaolin clay powder, serving to deter but not actively killing the maggot flies. GF-120 Naturalyte * fruit fly bait is a relatively new organic insecticide (0.02% spinosad) which has the potential to control apple maggot. Six field trials using different rates of GF-120 (1.5 L ha -1 , 2.25 L ha -1 and 3.0 L ha -1 ) were conducted in the summer of 2007 in organic orchards located in two Canadian provinces, Nova Scotia and Ontario; the efficacy of GF-120 was assessed by comgaring its performance to the level of apple maggot control achieved by Surround ® . Apple maggot pest pressure varied among the orchards under investigation. In Nova Scotia, the Block 84 orchard was heavily infested with apple maggot and among the unsprayed apples, 69% sustained some degree of fruit damage. In Ontario, 44% of the unsprayed apples in Home orchard had apple maggot damage. Unsprayed apples from the rest of the orchards had apple maggot injury ranging from 11-18%. Results showed that less than 3% of treated apples sustained apple maggot damage in any of the trials in this study except for those in Block 84 and Home. GF-120 tested at any rate was as effective as Surround ® in the control of apple maggot, with the exception of the Home orchard, where the lowest rate of GF-120 had significantly more infested apples than Surround ® . However in the Block 84 orchard, GF-120 at the lowest rate was as effective as Surround and was able to reduce fruit damage from 69% to 11%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".