Purification and Proteomic Analysis of Lysosomal Integral Membrane Proteins
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lysosomes are essential for normal function of cells. This is best illustrated by the occurrence of greater than 40 lysosomal storage diseases. While the enzymes of the luminal compartment have been widely studied usually in the context of these diseases, the composition of the enveloping membrane has received scant attention. Advances in mass spectrometry and proteomics have laid the necessary groundwork to facilitate investigation of membranes such as those of lysosomes, mitochondria, and other organelles to find novel proteins and novel functions. Pure lysosomes are a prerequisite, and we have successfully identified an abundance of membrane proteins from lysosomes of rat liver. Here, we describe two comparable and easy methods to isolate lysosomes from mouse or rat liver in sufficient quantities for proteomics studies. Also included is a comparison of the soluble, luminal proteins obtained from each of the two preparations separated by 2D immobilized pH gradient (IPG) sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".