ARXPS and SXPS Evidence for Surface Stabilization of Sphalerite Zn<sub>1-x</sub>Fe<sub>x</sub>S (110) Surfaces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Angle resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS) and synchrotron XPS (SXPS) have been used to study the (110) surface of two Fe containing sphalerites cleaved in vacuo. The ARXPS S 2p and Zn 2p spectra collected from a low Fe (0.02 wt.%) sphalerite revealed a low binding energy peak when collected at low take off angles (20°). These peaks have been assigned as surface core-level shifts of ~ -0.46 eV and ~ +0.34 eV, respectively. The ARXPS and SXPS S 2p spectra collected from a high Fe (14.79 wt.%) sphalerite indicated the presence of a low binding energy peak resulting from a core level shift ~ -0.42 eV below the bulk S 2p line. A higher binding energy contribution, attributed to a second surface species, was found +0.47 eV above the bulk S 2p doublet. Comparison of the S 2p spectra collected from the two sphalerites, suggested that high Fe concentrations might induce surface reconstruction in the form of surface S dimers. The surface S dimers are likely to be concentrated at high energy step edges and defects.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".