Revisiting the airline business model spectrum: The influence of post global financial crisis and airline mergers in the US (2011−2013)
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper re-examines the airline business model spectrum first proposed by Lohmann and Koo in 2013. The paper analyses the period of 2011-2013, where the US airline industry was no longer affected by the global financial crisis and after a few major US airlines went through a merging process. This study examines eight US carriers i.e. Alaska, American, Delta, Hawaiian, JetBlue, SkyWest, Southwest and United. These eight airlines were placed along a continuum of business models, i.e. full-service network carrier (FSNC), hybrid and low-cost carriers (LCC), as proposed in the incipient study by Data from the airlines were used to delineate and review the indices labelled as 'revenue', 'connectivity', 'convenience', 'comfort', 'aircraft' and 'labour', forming the framework of the business model used. The results of this study continue to highlight the characteristics of each of the US carriers examined for the six proposed indices.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it