The Influence of Training Status on Vascular Stiffness Following an Ultra-Endurance Event
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Recent evidence suggests that vascular stiffness increases following ultra-endurance events (>42. 2 km). However, it is unknown if training status affects vascular stiffness before and after ultra-endurance events. The purpose of this research was to examine whether training status influences vascular stiffness before and after an ultra-endurance event. METHODS: Thirty male recreational ultra-endurance runners (41.6±10.8yrs) were separated evenly into three groups according to self -reported training volume (km·week-1). The groups were defined as: Group 1: 25-55, Group 2: 60-75 and Group 3: 80-110 (km·week-1). Arterial compliance (radial applanation tonometry (CR-2000, HDI)) was measured at rest and within 30 minutes following their individual race event lengths of 50 miles, 70 miles or the 120 mile ultra-endurance trail run. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in resting large artery (18.8 ± 9.5 mL· mmHg-1 x 10) or small artery (7.5 ± 3.0 mL· mmHg-1 x 100) (p > 0.05) compliance between the three training groups at baseline Large artery compliance baseline measurements per group were recorded as group 1(25.3±12.9), group 2(14.6 ±3.6) and group 3 (16.2±4.4) (mL· mmHg-1 x10). Small artery compliance baseline measurements per group were recorded as group 1 (8.6±2.6), group 2 (7.6±3.6) and group 3(6.3±2.4) (mL· mmHg-1 x100). There was also no significant difference between groups in the relative changes in large artery (-1.2±9.5 mL· mmHg-1 x10) or small artery compliance (-0.03±3.5 mL· mmHg-1 x100) (p > 0.05) seen after the ultra-endurance event. Average change in large arterial compliance showed minimal differences between groups; group 1 (2.3±4.5), group 2 (-2.6±11.9) and group 3(-3.4±10.9) (mL· mmHg-1 x 10). Average change in small arterial compliance showed minimal differences between groups, group 1(-1.9±3.8), group 2 (0.94±4.1) and group 3 (0.86±2.11) (mL· mmHg-1 x100). CONCLUSION: The weekly volume of training engaged upon in ultra-endurance athletes does not appear to differentially affect the baseline arterial stiffness or changes in arterial stiffness following an ultra-endurance event.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".