Acid-Free Electrochemical Chromium Etch and Release of Nanoscale Gold Films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We describe a method for releasing coated and uncoated 100-nm gold films from a 5-nm chromium-coated glass substrate. The method is rapid at room temperature within a nontoxic solution of sodium phosphate or sodium hydroxide. Etching processes using hydroxide successfully etch the chromium layer without affecting a ZnO coating layer deposited on the gold film. Etching using sodium phosphate at neutral pH causes some surface damage to the ZnO surface while leaving the bulk of the film intact. Other anions tested include nitrates and chlorides, both demonstrating poor etching selectivity, damaging the gold as well as the chromium layers. A copper counter electrode is used to collect the chromium from the solution, minimizing chromium persistence in the etching solution and any contamination of the ZnO surface. This single step acid-free process can be applied to a variety of materials and structures formed on gold, where insulating materials and many oxides do not require any special protection from the etching solution. An uncoated or polyimide coated 2 cm × 1.5 cm film can be released in under 1 h, while ZnO-coated films require up to 7 h to to release films 1 cm × 1 cm in size.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".