Association of Mitochondrial Haplogroup J with Elite Athletic Performance in Iranian Male Population
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Besides performing many important cellular functions, mitochondria are the main source of energy production. The influence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variability, which is known as mitochondrial haplogroups, on many complex traits including status of elite athlete, have been evidenced. Lineage J of mtDNA haplogroups, was shown to be related to the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation that result in reducing ATP production in favor of heat production. PURPOSE: To determine the difference in the frequency of haplogroup J in Iranian male elite athlete population. METHODS: DNA samples from the saliva of 60 Iranian healthy men and 65 male elite sprint power Iranian athletes were obtained using the Saliva DNA collection, preservation and isolation kit (RU35700, NorgenBiotek Corp; Ontario, Canada). The haplogroups were determined by sequencing the Hyper Variable Region (HVR) I and II of mtDNA using appropriate primers and comparing the sequence with the Revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS) (GenBank NC_012920). Haplogroup frequencies were compared through test of difference between proportions. RESULTS: The frequency of haplogroup J in elite Iranian male athlete was 14.5% in compared to 5.7% in control population. The difference in frequency for haplogroup J was significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Haplogroup J over-represented in Iranian male elite athlete. Harboring haplogroup J and related phenotypic expression could be considered beneficial for sprint power performance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".