Influence of Mental Work on Cardiovascular Reactivity in Normal Weight and Overweight Children
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children is increasing worldwide and those children seem to have higher blood pressure (BP) at rest compared to normal weight children. Mental work (MW) increases cardiovascular reactivity in healthy adults. However, the influence of MW on cardiovascular reactivity in overweight children is not well described. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of MW on cardiovascular reactivity in overweight/obese (o) vs. normal weight (n) children. METHODS: Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV; SDNN, SDANN, rMSSD and LF/HF) were monitored during 60-min of MW (French class) compared to a 60-min resting period in overweight/obese children (n=13) and normal weight children (n=25). Body mass index (BMI) was adjusted for sex and age. The intensity of the cognitive demand related to the 60-min of MW was evaluated with an adapted version of the NASA Task-Load Index for children (VAS-100 mm). Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the association between variables. RESULTS: Age and height were similar between groups (o vs. n; age: 11 ± 1 vs. 11 ± 1 years; p=0.33, height: 1.5 ± 0.1 vs. 1.5 ± 0.1 m; p=0.1). By study design, body weight (58.8 ± 16.0 vs. 39.4 ± 6.8 kg; p < 0.001) and BMI (25.3 ± 6.8 vs. 17.6 ± 1.5 kg/m2; p<0.001) were significantly different. The intensity of cognitive demand was comparable between groups (621 ± 117 vs. 136 ± 109 mm; p=0.71). BP during MW (systolic BP: 107 ± 12 vs. 99 ± 8 mmHg; diastolic BP 69 ± 7 vs. 65 ± 5 mmHg; all p<0.05) was higher in o vs. n group. BP during MW was correlated with resting BP in both groups (systolic BP o: r=0.93; p<0.0001, n: r=0.77; p<0.0001, diastolic BP o: r=0.87; p < 0.0001, n: r=0.62; p0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that overweight/obese children have higher BP during MW compared to normal weight children, most likely influenced by BP at rest and not the effect of MW. In addition, this type of MW does not seem to influence HR and HRV in overweight/obese and normal weight children.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".