Long Road to Freedom: An Investigation Into the Sexual and Gender Discrimination of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity (SOGI) Minority Asylum Seekers in Seeking Refugee Status in Canada (abstract)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the sexual and gender discrimination experienced by sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) asylum seekers in claiming refugee status in Canada. The author conducts a literature review of critiques of the refugee determination process in Canada, and reviews reports from service providers helping SOGI asylum seekers in Toronto. Historically, Canada has demonstrated an understanding that is ahead of the curve for LGBTQI refugees; however, much has changed under the current Conservative Government, led by Prime Minister Stephen Harper. Changes to the refugee determination system through the passing of Bill C-31 (2012) have made the situation for SOGI refugees particularly precarious. The designation of so-called “safe” countries of origin, as outlined in Bill C-31, shortens the time allotted to submit an application for asylum, making it more difficult to gather and prepare the documentation required for a successful case. The author pays particular attention to South Africa, as it is considered to be Africa’s gay haven. As a gender-queer person of colour pursuing hir Bachelor of Social Work at York University, the author describes the unique needs of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer, and intersexed (LGBTQI) refugee claimants. This study demonstrates the need for efficient and effective social services to meet the needs of SOGI claimants, needs that will surely increase due to changes to Canada’s Immigration and Refugee Act incurred with the passing of Bill C-31.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".