Osteoporosis in patients with stroke: A cross-sectional study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stroke-related impairments and inactivity contribute to the accelerated development of bone mass removal. However, the extent of decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) after stroke and all factors that influence such rapid bone loss are still not sufficiently explored. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of BMD reduction in patients after stroke and to identify risk factors for osteoporosis. This research was designed as a cross-sectional study that included patients after a first stroke (≤1.5 years from a stroke; N = 40), who went through in-hospital rehabilitation treatment. Data were gathered by the means of anamnesis and available medical documentation. For statistical analysis, we used the statistical program International Business Machines (IBM) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics 22.0. Results were presented using standard statistical measures of central tendency and range of results. To determine the difference between variables, T-test for independent samples was used. Our study provides additional evidence that the reduction in BMD is one of the major complications of a stroke. Given that the incidence of fractures in this population is large, there is a need to perform routine DXA examinations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".