Administration of a Canadian critical appraisal exam to pharmacy students in the Middle East
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction/Context: Critical appraisal training of pharmacy students is important in the development of knowledge and skills necessary for the application of evidence-based practice post-licensure. The objectives of this study were to evaluate critical appraisal skills of students in Qatar and to compare performance across applicable academic years. Description of Assessment: Pharmacy students in third year, fourth year, and Doctor of Pharmacy students at Qatar University completed an application-based critical appraisal exam developed by faculty from a Canadian University. Results were categorised according to Bloom's taxonomy and compared by academic year. Evaluation: The median score of students was 30.5%. Students performed best on questions categorised as comprehension and lowest on evaluation questions. A significant improvement in performance as students progressed through the curriculum was observed. Implementation and Future Plans: Findings will be used to refine the current critical appraisal course series to increase emphasis on application of critical appraisal skills. 2016 FIP.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.030 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".