Impact Of High-intensity Interval Exercise On Cellular And Molecular Markers Of Inflammation In Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Inflammation, which can be measured at the level of individual immune cells, plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications. High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is touted as a time-efficient exercise option for improving cardiometabolic health in people with T2D but the impact of HIIE on inflammation is unknown. PURPOSE: To determine the impact HIIE on a comprehensive array of cellular and molecular markers of inflammation in patients with T2D. METHODS: Ten individuals with T2D and 10 age-matched normoglycemic controls completed a single bout of HIIE (7 X 1-min @ ~90% VO2peak, 1-min recovery @ ~40% VO2peak) with blood samples obtained before, after, and at 1-h recovery. We analyzed cellular markers of inflammation that have been linked with T2D and cardiovascular disease, including: i) leukocyte toll-like receptors (TLRs) and interleukin receptors (ILRs); ii) non-classical CD16+ “pro-inflammatory” monocytes; and iii) a panel of 13 plasma cytokines. RESULTS: In both T2D and control participants, HIIE led to an immediate reduction in TLR2 expression on CD14+ classical monocytes (-17%), CD16+ monocytes (-7%), and CD16+ granulocytes (-6%, P<0.05 for all). IL6Ra was also reduced on CD14+ classical monocytes (-8%) and CD16+ granulocytes (-4%) in response to HIIE, which persisted throughout recovery (-8% and -6%, respectively; both P<0.05) in both T2D and control participants. The proportion of non-classical CD16+ monocytes was reduced at 1-h recovery (5.0±2.4%) when compared to rest (3.7±1.8%, P<0.05) in healthy controls but not in T2D participants. There were no appreciable changes in plasma cytokines in response to acute HIIE. CONCLUSIONS: A single bout of HIIE can reduce cellular markers of inflammation in humans with T2D without changes in circulating cytokines. However, T2D participants may be resistant to exercise-mediated lowering of non-classical CD16+ monocytes that is seen in age-matched normoglycemic controls. Supported by CIHR grant MSH-141980 and NSERC Discovery Grant RGPIN 435807-13
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".