The 3 x 2 Achievement Goal Model in Predicting Online Student Test Anxiety and Help-Seeking.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the utility of the new 3 × 2 achievement goal model in predicting online student test anxiety and help-seeking. Achievement goals refer to students’ general aims for participating in learning and the standard by which they judge their achievement (Pintrich, 2000). According to Elliot and his colleagues (2011), there are six types of achievement goals based on three dimensions of competence (self-, task-, and other-) and two dimensions of valence (approach and avoidance). The sample included 209 students enrolled in distance education classes who volunteered for the study. Separate hierarchical regression was employed to examine the predictive power of achievement goals in online student test anxiety and help-seeking beyond self-efficacy and demographic differences. Achievement goals predicted online help-seeking differently from traditional classes. Students who endorsed other-avoidance or self-approach goals reported more help-seeking, while those with other-approach or self-avoidance goals reported less help-seeking. The study results and practical implications for online instruction and course design are discussed. Cette étude examine l'utilité du nouveau modèle 3 × 2 des buts d’accomplissement à prédire l'anxiété au test et la demande d'aide de l’étudiant en ligne. Les buts d’accomplissement visent les buts généraux des étudiants pour participer à l'apprentissage et la norme par laquelle ils jugent leur accomplissement (Pintrich, 2000). Selon Elliot et ses collègues (2011), il existe six types de buts d’accomplissement en s’appuyant sur trois dimensions de la compétence (soi-, tâche-, et autrui-) et deux dimensions de valence (approche et évitement). L'échantillon comprenait 209 étudiants inscrits dans des classes d'enseignement à distance qui se sont portés volontaires pour l'étude. La régression hiérarchique distincte a été utilisée pour examiner le pouvoir prédictif des buts d’accomplissement de l’étudiant en ligne pour l'anxiété au test et la demande d'aide au-delà de l'auto-efficacité et des différences démographiques. Les buts d’accomplissement ont prédit la demande d'aide en ligne différemment de celle des classes traditionnelles. Les étudiants qui ont approuvé les buts autrui-évitement ou soi-approche ont signalé plus de demande d'aide, tandis que ceux avec les buts autrui-approche ou soi-évitement ont signalé moins de demande d'aide. Les résultats de l'étude et les implications pratiques pour l'enseignement en ligne et la conception de cours sont discutés.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".