Bibliographic record
Abstract
28 November 1820: FE born at Barmen-Elberfeld, Prussian province of the Rhineland. August 1838–March 1841: Business training in Bremen. September 1841–October 1842: Voluntary military service in Berlin; joins group of Young Hegelians (“The Free”). November 1842: Meets with KM in Cologne office of the Rheinische Zeitung . December 1842–August 1844: Commercial training at “Ermen & Engels” in Manchester; meets Mary Burns – his companion from Summer 1845. October–November 1843: Composes the Outlines of a Critique of Political Economy . November 1843: First mentions KM in print, in the New Moral World newspaper. February 1844: His Outlines published by KM in Deutsch-Französiche Jahrbücher (first and only number of the journal). Late August–early September 1844: Second meeting with KM, in Paris; beginning of Marx–Engels collaboration. September 1844: Returns to Barmen. September 1844–March 1845: Composes The Condition of the Working Class in England . April 1845: Joins KM in Brussels (until 1848). July–August 1845: Visits Manchester with KM. January 1846: FE and KM found the Communist Correspondence Committee (Brussels). January 1847: FE and KM invited to join the “League of the Just” (a communist group organized in 1836–8) in Paris. June 1847: The League reorganized as the League of Communists; London Congress adopts FE's “Draft of a Communist Confession of Faith” as provisional basis of its new program. December 1847: FE's Principles of Communism accepted as basis of final version of the program; KM asked by Communist League to prepare document for publication.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.036 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".