An approach to use polarimetric signature for land cover classification
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to explore the information obtain from the fully polarimetric SAR data. Fully polarimetric SAR data contain both magnitude and phase information therefore it contains great potential about target classification. By using both parameter amplitude and phase we can distinguishes different types of scattering mechanism. For fully utilization of polarimetric SAR data, polarization signatures are used which utilizes the different orientation angle. Polarization signature is a 3-D plot of the received backscattered intensity as a function of ellipticity and orientation angle of antenna. Polarization signatures of urban area are equivalent to dihedral corner reflector which shows the double bounce, polarization signature of water is equivalent to trihedral which shows single bounce and short vegetation shows the polarizations signatures equivalent to dipole at different orientation angle. In this paper, by utilizing the fully polarimetric ALOS-PALSAR data, polarization signatures are extracted at different angles and their capability to classify different land cover classes like; urban, water, short vegetation, tall vegetation and bare soil are explored. The scattering mechanism of generated elliptical and linear polarized images for above mentioned land cover classes is also analyzed and on the basis of their scattering mechanism, decision tree classification (DTC) algorithm has been proposed and performance of the algorithm is also compared with other supervised and unsupervised classification techniques.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".