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Record W2479102527 · doi:10.2166/ws.2006.010

Solid/liquid separation behavior of alum and polyaluminium chloride coagulation flocs

2006· article· en· W2479102527 on OpenAlex
Beata Gorczyca, G. Zhang

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueWater Science & Technology Water Supply · 2006
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicCoagulation and Flocculation Studies
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Manitoba
Fundersnot available
KeywordsAlumCoagulationSettlingChemistryChemical engineeringChromatographyEnvironmental engineeringEnvironmental scienceOrganic chemistry

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Properties of alum and polyaluminium chloride (PACl) flocs were analyzed in order to explain solid/liquid separation behavior of these aggregates in dissolved air flotation and gravity settling. PACl flocs settle better and are less sensitive to changes in water temperature than alum flocs. Therefore, PACl flocs may be more suited for gravity separation, especially in cold waters, and alum flocs may be preferred for flotation. At an optimum coagulant dose for dissolved air flotation the logarithmic mean size of alum flocs was close to the size of the air bubbles (30 μm) and the proportion of flocs smaller than 20 μm was about 30.5%.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.086
Threshold uncertainty score0.732

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.002
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.001
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.007
GPT teacher head0.265
Teacher spread0.258 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it