Bibliographic record
Abstract
Charl Ormond Williams began her career in education by working her way through the ranks in the rural schools of West Tennessee, from teacher to principal to normal school instructor to county superintendent. Moving, then, from the local to the national stage, Williams served as a notable leader of the cause of women teachers in the National Education Association (NEA) for over a quarter of a century. Williams was neither the founder of a particularly notable progressive school nor was she identified with pedagogical innovation that commonly has been or is referred to as progressive. Yet, her work as a successful, change-oriented rural school teacher and administrator prior to coming to the NEA, her long career as a prominent staff member of the NEA, her links to various women's groups in pursuit of her NEA activities, her defense of public education as a cornerstone of American democracy, her political savvy and experience as both a lifelong Democrat from the South and a nonpartisan advocate of NEA causes, and her constant devotion to the cause of women as teachers and administrators in the public schools all mark her as a worthy candidate for inclusion in a volume on "founding mothers."1
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".