NATURAL CONVECTION IN TALL AND SHALLOW POROUS RECTANGULAR ENCLOSURES HEATED FROM BELOW
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Darcy model with the Boussinesq approximation is used to study both analytically and numerically natural convection in a porous medium saturated by a Newtonian fluid. The geometry considered is a rectangular cavity heated from below and cooled from above by a constant heat flux while the sidewalls are maintained adiabatic. The governing parameters for the problem are the thermal Darcy-Rayleigh number R and the aspect ratio of the cavity A. In the limit of extremely confined geometries the parallel flow approximation is used to predict the flow behavior in the case of a tall vertical layer (A >> 1) or shallow horizontal one (A << 1). For a tall cavity, the existence of multicellular flow patterns, consisting of m vertical cells, is predicted by the present analytical model. Also, for a shallow cavity, it is demonstrated that the flow pattern can be either unicellular or multicellular. This is confirmed by the numerical results obtained by solving the full governing equations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".