Performance of Sulfuric Acid Leaching of Titanium from Titanium-Bearing Electric Furnace Slag
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
<p class="1Body">The sulfuric acid leaching of titanium from titanium-bearing electric furnace slag (TEFS) was investigated under different experimental conditions. In the sulfuric acid leaching process, the M<sub>x</sub>Ti<sub>3-x</sub>O<sub>5</sub>(0≤x≤2) and diopside could react with sulfuric acid. The optimum conditions of sulfuric acid leaching process were particle size at &lt; 0.045mm, sulfuric acid concentration at 90 wt.%, acid/slag mass ratio at 1.6:1, feeding temperature at 120 °C, reaction temperature at 220 °C, reaction time at 120minute, curing at 200°C for 120 minute. The [TiO<sub>2</sub>] concentration of the water leaching was 150 g/L, and leaching temperature at 60℃for 120 minute. Ti extraction could reach 84.29 %. F of titanium-bearing solution was 2.15, and the Ti<sup>3+</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> of the titanium-bearing solution was 0.068. The TiO<sub>2</sub> content of the leaching residue was 18.32 wt.%. The main mineral phases of the leaching residue were calcium sulphate, spinel, diopside and little M<sub>x</sub>Ti<sub>3-x</sub>O<sub>5</sub>.</p>
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it