Performance of Sulfuric Acid Leaching of Titanium from Titanium-Bearing Electric Furnace Slag
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The sulfuric acid leaching of titanium from titanium-bearing electric furnace slag (TEFS) was investigated under different experimental conditions. In the sulfuric acid leaching process, the MxTi3-xO5(0≤x≤2) and diopside could react with sulfuric acid. The optimum conditions of sulfuric acid leaching process were particle size at < 0.045mm, sulfuric acid concentration at 90 wt.%, acid/slag mass ratio at 1.6:1, feeding temperature at 120 °C, reaction temperature at 220 °C, reaction time at 120minute, curing at 200°C for 120 minute. The [TiO2] concentration of the water leaching was 150 g/L, and leaching temperature at 60℃for 120 minute. Ti extraction could reach 84.29 %. F of titanium-bearing solution was 2.15, and the Ti3+/TiO2 of the titanium-bearing solution was 0.068. The TiO2 content of the leaching residue was 18.32 wt.%. The main mineral phases of the leaching residue were calcium sulphate, spinel, diopside and little MxTi3-xO5.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".