Review: intensive glucose control reduced some CV events but did not change mortality in type 2 diabetes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Review: intensive glucose control reduced some CV events but did not change mortality in type 2 diabetes QUESTION Does intensive glucose control reduce cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus? REVIEW SCOPEIncluded studies compared intensive glucose-lowering regimens with standard regimens (placebo, standard care, or reduced-intensity control) in stable patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, had significant group differences in haemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c ) concentrations during follow-up, reported CV events as primary outcomes, and provided adequate data for outcomes of interest: non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and all-cause mortality.Other outcomes included HbA 1c concentrations, heart failure (HF), hypoglycaemia, and weight gain. REVIEW METHODSMedline, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, and Cochrane Central (all 1970 to Jan 2009) and reference lists were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Experts were contacted.5 RCTs (n = 33 040, mean age 62 y, 62% men) met the selection criteria.Intensive glucose control regimens varied. MAIN RESULTSThe main results are in the table.Mean HbA 1c concentration at baseline was 7.8% (range 7.1-9.4%).At a mean 5 years of follow-up, intensive glucose control reduced HbA 1c concentrations more than standard control (mean 6.6% v 7.5%, difference 0.9%, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.92).Intensive glucose control was associated with more frequent serious hypoglycaemic events than standard control (mean 2.3% v 1.2%, p value not reported) and increased weight gain (mean 2.4 v 20.1 kg, p value not reported). CONCLUSIONIn patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, intensive glucose control reduced some cardiovascular events but did not change overall mortality.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Direct model labels (unvalidated)
Per-model category and study-design labels from the labeling rounds. They are machine output, unvalidated, and the disagreement between models ships as data. No study design here is MEDLINE-validated yet.
| Model arm | Categories | Study design | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| gemma | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Commentary About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Not applicable | low |
| gpt | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Commentary About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Not applicable | low |
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedLabeled directly by 2 models reading the full record.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".