The relative impact of generic head-related transfer functions on auditory speech thresholds: implications for the design of three-dimensional audio displays.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Auditory speech thresholds were measured in this study. METHODS: Subjects were required to discriminate a female voice recording of three-digit numbers in the presence of diotic speech babble. The voice stimulus was spatialized at 11 static azimuth positions on the horizontal plane using three different head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) measured on individuals who did not participate in this study. The diotic presentation of the voice stimulus served as the control condition. RESULTS: The results showed that two of the HRTFS performed similarly and had significantly lower auditory speech thresholds than the third HRTF. All three HRTFs yielded significantly lower auditory speech thresholds compared with the diotic presentation of the voice stimulus, with the largest difference at 60 degrees azimuth. CONCLUSION: The practical implications of these results suggest that lower headphone levels of the communication system in military aircraft can be achieved without sacrificing intelligibility, thereby lessening the risk of hearing loss.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".