The Bilderberg Group: Promoting European Governance Inside an Atlantic Community of Values
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Organized between 1952 and 1954, the Bilderberg Group, later renamed Bilderberg Meetings, quickly developed as a high-level, informal transatlantic forum for the exchange of views among West European and North American political and economic elites. Bilderberg seems to encapsulate the complexities of political networks and the difficulty of analysing structure, functions and evolution of these elites over time. A European initiative, Bilderberg stretched out to most of non- communist Europe, the United States (US) and Canada. Rooted in the political and ideological Cold War tensions, it is still in existence today when the West is more than ever a problematic notion, and globalization seems to question the relevance of purely Atlantic structures. While Bilderberg refused any policy-making ambitions, it aspired to influence; while striving for discretion, it constantly gave rise to controversy. It therefore constitutes an interesting case for exploring the role of transnational networks in European governance. With its transatlantic dimension, the chapter not only complements those by Brigitte Leucht and Sigfrido M. Ramírez Pérez, but also offers a backdrop against which the specificities of European-centred political networks, discussed as the main theme of the book, can be better understood. It also suggests that the plurality of European and Atlantic organizations created after World War II gave rise to an increased fluidity at the level of non-state networks and elite patterns of cooperation beyond what the institutional divide would imply. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".