International Migration, Identity, and Development in Oceania: A Synthesis of Ideas
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract At the turn of the millennium, new geographies and histories are being written for the thousands of atolls, reef islands, volcanic cones and continental islands that comprise the region termed Oceania. In terms of motives for and patterns of spatial mobility of the inhabitants of this “sea of islands”, the largest cities of Australia and New Zealand, as well as Los Angeles and Vancouver on the west coast of North America, must also be included in Oceania's contemporary international migration system. This chapter explores four approaches that emphasize the salience of international migration for development in this region: demographic and resource imperatives for migration; remittance flows and dependency/interdependency structures in the region; Pacific identities and socio‐cultural dimensions of contemporary mobility; and the effects of structural adjustment programs and globalization on transformations of Oceanic societies. The emphasis on multiple identities and multi‐local populations in recent studies of international migration in Oceania traverse ideas and concepts that have been around for a long time in research on population movement in the region. A synthesis of ideas about international migration, identity, and development in Oceania assists researchers to navigate the intellectual turmoil that has surrounded discourses about modernity and postmodernity – discourses that challenge us to keep our critical geographical imagination creatively open to redefinition of old ideas, and expansion into new directions of scholarship.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".