The Spirit of May 68 and the Origins of the Gay Liberation Movement in France
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Interpretations of May 68 in France have been many, varied, and contradictory. 1 While no one disputes that the so-called “events”—the riots, strikes, and demonstrations that almost toppled the Gaul list regime— amounted to more than an ordinary crisis, most analyses point to their ultimate failure to change French politics or society in any meaningful way. Even so, an entire generation has defined itself (and been defined by others) in terms of its relation to May 68, and much of France’s political history over the subsequent forty years can be written as the story of this generation’s itinerary: the (rare) fidelity of ex-militants to their youthful ideals or, more commonly, their (reputed) betrayal of their principles for American-style or Thatcherite economic liberalism or for François Mitterrand’s brand of socialism. 2 Over the decades, the rebellious youths who took to the streets in 68 and challenged authority have accommodated themselves to the status quo. As Henri Mendras cynically but perceptively observes, in the end the radical tendencies that emerged from 68 “had as their principal result the opening of a new political and cultural space within which the new rulers served their apprenticeship to become leaders. This new generation of leaders then took its natural place within the existing institutions against which it had fought.” Mendras recognizes only one permanent consequence of May 68: a weakened respect for traditional authority and an expanded sense of individualism that together transformed sexual behavior and public attitudes toward sexuality. 3 In
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.023 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".