Music Genre Classification Using a Gradient-Based Local Texture Descriptor
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With the increasing popularity and availability of online music databases that store vast collections of music, automated classification of music genre has attracted significant attention for the management of such large-scale databases. This paper presents a new music genre classification method that utilizes gradient-based texture analysis of the spectrograms constructed from the audio signals. We propose to use gradient directional pattern (GDP)—a robust local texture descriptor that exploits the gradient directional information to encode the local texture properties of an image. The proposed method first computes spectrograms from the audio signals and then applies the GDP operator to construct the feature descriptors that represent micro-level texture details of the spectrograms. We use a support vector machine (SVM) for the classification task. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated using the GTZAN genre collection music database. Our experiments show promising results for the proposed GDP-based spectrogram texture analysis, as compared against some other existing music genre classification methods.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".