The Queen (on the application of Evans) <i>v</i>. Secretary of State for Defence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
508 Human rights — Torture — Inhuman and degrading treatment — United Kingdom operations in Afghanistan — United Kingdom transferring detainees to Afghan authorities — National Directorate of Security detention facilities — Kabul (Department 17), Kandahar and Lashkar Gah — Whether United Kingdom transferees at real risk of torture or serious mistreatment — Whether practice of transfer breaching Secretary of State’s policy — Article 3 of European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 — Relevant principles — Role of court — Standard in international legal instruments — Article 3 of Torture Convention, 1984 — Class case — Whether consistent pattern of gross and systematic violations of human rights — Other relevant considerations — Whether proper evidential basis — Independent reports — Allegations of United Kingdom transferees — Canadian material — Safeguards — Afghanistan–United Kingdom Memorandum of Understanding and related assurances — Whether sufficient — Practical operation of transfer arrangements — Access to transferees by United Kingdom personnel — Credibility of allegations — Whether system of specific safeguards insulating United Kingdom transferees altogether from risk of ill-treatment — Whether current United Kingdom practice of transfers unlawful War and armed conflict — United Kingdom operations in Afghanistan — Security and rule of law in Afghanistan — Effectiveness of operations — Law of armed conflict — Power to capture insurgents — Power to detain insurgents temporarily — No power of indefinite internment — United Kingdom policy — Suspected insurgents detained by United Kingdom armed forces transferred to Afghan authorities for questioning and prosecution — Whether all transferees at real risk of torture or serious mistreatment — Safeguards — Nature and effectiveness — Afghanistan–United Kingdom Memorandum of Understanding and related assurances — Practical operation of transfer arrangements — United Kingdom assessment of no real risk of torture or mistreatment — Whether current practice of transfers unlawful States — Sovereignty — Afghanistan — United Nations Security Council Resolutions — International community pledging to support and ensure respect for Afghan sovereignty — Afghanistan having jurisdiction over all persons in territory unless expressly agreed otherwise — Entitlement of Afghan Government to 509 prosecute those in jurisdiction committing offences under Afghan law — Security and rule of law in Afghanistan — Afghanistan having overall responsibility — Afghan Constitution and Penal Code prohibiting all acts of torture and inhuman punishment — Whether United Kingdom practice of transferring detainees to Afghan authorities unlawful — The law of England
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".