Short-Term Liquid Nitrogen Storage of Maize, Common Bean and Soybean Seeds Modifies Their Biochemical Composition
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We studied the effects of liquid nitrogen storage of maize, common bean and soybean seeds on their germination, electrolyte leakage, levels of chlorophylls, phenolics, aldehydes, proteins and peroxidase activity. After storage for 28 days, seeds were retrieved from liquid nitrogen, some were set to germinate and others were analyzed biochemically. No phenotypic modifications were observed visually 5 days after beginning of germination, although percentage of seed germination was reduced by LN in maize and soybean. Moreover, numerous significant effects of seed cryopreservation were recorded at the biochemical status. In maize seeds, the most important and statistically significant modifications were observed in the increased levels of chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll pigments and in the decreased contents of free phenolics after 28 days of exposure to LN, compared to the control treatment. In common bean, relevant changes were observed in the increased electrolyte leakage and in the reduced levels of chlorophyll pigments (b, total) and free phenolics. In soybean, modifications were observed in the increased levels of chlorophyll pigments (a, b, total), malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage, and in the decreased peroxidase activity. We have shown for the first time that immersion of maize, common bean and soybean seeds in liquid nitrogen modified the levels of different biochemicals.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it