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Record W2503692964 · doi:10.1057/9780230504080_4

The Other ‘War on Drugs’

2004· article· en· W2503692964 on OpenAlexaff
Colleen O’Manique

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicHuman Rights and Development
Canadian institutionsTrent University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsEssential medicinesIntellectual propertyTRIPS architecturePolitical scienceGlobal healthPoliticsOutragePublic healthInternational tradeEconomic growthPolitical economyMedicineBusinessLawSociologyHealth careEconomicsEngineering

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Perhaps no single issue has come to define the political activism of the global HIV/AIDS pandemic more than the issue of the glaring global inequality in access to life-saving treatment. As Laurie Garrett put it, ‘HIV was, by the close of 1999, a lightning rod for protest against pharmaceutical companies, trade related intellectual property rights (TRIPS), and global inequalities in public health’.1 The establishment of the WTO and its expansion of international trade law into the sphere of pharmaceutical research and development as codified in TRIPS has prompted international outrage, and intense public debate and protest. A global movement has evolved to secure access to AIDS drugs, led by MSF, Oxfam, Consumer Project on Technology (CPT), Treatment Action Group (TAG), Health Global Access Project (GAP), and Health Action International. At the same time, national coalitions have emerged in SSA, such as South Africa’s Treatment Action campaign (TAC), the Kenya Coalition for Access to Essential Medicines, and the Uganda Coalition for Access to Essential Medicines. The movement has exposed the failure of current international trade law and the global market system for getting treatment to those who need it most; but pressure has also been directed towards governments for not providing life-saving drugs, particularly in the face of the recent price breaks negotiated between various countries and pharmaceutical suppliers. Access to HIV treatment has emerged as the ‘vanguard struggle’ to the extent that political mobilization of the global HIV/AIDS movement has focused first and foremost on the right to treatment.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.923
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.022
GPT teacher head0.296
Teacher spread0.274 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreOther

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2004
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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