Bibliographic record
Abstract
Occupying a key position in the geography of northern Spain, the city of Burgos played an eventful role in the history of the Peninsular War. Having already witnessed the passage of large numbers of French troops in the direction of Portugal in the autumn of 1807, in November of that year it was among the first of Spain’s cities to play host to a permanent French garrison, whilst in April 1808 it witnessed the fateful journey that took Spain’s rival monarchs to the conference with Napoleon at Bayonne that brought down the Bourbon monarchy, and contributed the very first of the quarter of a million or more lives that formed Spain’s share of the human cost of the attempt to incorporate Iberia into the Napoleonic imperium. In the war that followed, the presence of large numbers of French troops initially saved the city from experiencing the horrors of battle — the insurrection of May 1808, then, was not replicated in Burgos — and in consequence el rey intruso, Joseph Bonaparte, was able to pass through in safety en route to his triumphal entry into Madrid, and, for that matter, to travel back the other way when he abandoned the capital and fled for the safety of the River Ebro in the wake of the battle of Bailén. The liberation that followed, however, was short-lived. Spain’s armies proving incapable of holding back the punishment unleashed upon her by Napoleon in retribution for the loss of Dupont’s army, French forces swept back into the city following a brief battle at the suburban village of Gamonal, and the result was a sack that saw it both thoroughly pillaged and badly damaged by fire.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".