Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Case Report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cerebral salt wasting (CSW) is a rare cause of hypoosmolar hyponatremia usually associated with acute intracranial disease characterized by extracellular volume depletion due to inappropriate sodium wasting in the urine. We report a case of a 46-year-old male with recently diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) initially presenting with neurological involvement and an antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) who was admitted because of chronic asymptomatic hyponatremia previously assumed as secondary to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Initial evaluation revealed a hypoosmolar hyponatremia with high urine osmolality and elevated urinary sodium concentration. Clinically, the patient’s extracellular volume status was difficult to define accurately. After exclusion of other etiologies, a diagnosis of CSW was established and the patient started appropriate treatment with normalization of sodium levels. The challenge in diagnosing CSW relies on the differentiation from the SIADH, since it shares most of the laboratory features. The critical difference is the state of extracellular volume which can be difficult to access accurately in routine clinical practice. There is evidence that the fractional excretion of urate (FEUrate) can be of assistance. The relationship between SLE and hyponatremia is mostly limited to adverse pharmacological side effects, so to our knowledge, this is the first association between SLE with neurological involvement and CSW. J Med Cases. 2016;7(9):399-402 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jmc2615w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".