The Electrical Reliability of Silver Wire Bonds under High Temperature Storage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bonds made with Pd coated pure Ag wires were studied in this work with respect to their electrical resistance under high temperature storage at 200 °C. The Pd coated 18 micron diameter Ag wires were ball bonded to the Al metallization on testchips attached to ceramic substrates. All free-air balls were made in air as Pd coated Ag wire does not need protective atmosphere such as forming gas or nitrogen. The second bonds were on the Au plated leads of the ceramic substrates. Bonded wires were grouped in pairs to form several wire daisy chains on each substrate. A setup was developed to automatically switch from daisy chain to daisy chain to perform 2-wire resistance measurements. The resistance of Ag wires bonded to Al pads was compared to that of Au wire bonds. The average resistance value of the Ag daisy chains at 50 °C was 6.28 Ω, not significantly different from that of Au bonds. These values increased ≈2 % and ≈8 % for surviving Au bonds and Ag bonds, respectively, after 1000 h at 200 °C. However, more Ag bonds survived than Au bonds. The results show that Au bonds exhibit only a low increase of resistance in the beginning which then, however, is followed by an abrupt increase to high values leading to complete failure. In contrast, the Ag bonds aging show a more gradual increase in resistance right from the beginning and are less prone to abrupt or complete failure compared to the Au bonds.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".