Genetic analyses of wild bison in Alberta, Canada: implications for recovery and disease management
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Alberta, wild bison, Bison bison (Linnaeus 1758) occurring outside protected areas are assumed to have originated from the free-ranging bison populations within Wood Buffalo National Park (WBNP). As bison in WBNP are infected with 2 diseases, it was assumed that neighboring bison outside WBNP were also diseased. However, the neighboring Harper Creek and Ronald Lake bison populations have not tested positive for either disease, suggesting limited contact with WBNP herds. To resolve this, we analyzed microsatellite genotypes from all free-ranging bison groups in Alberta and one from the Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada. In the WBNP area where bison have persisted, we recover a genetically panmictic population comprising all possible subpopulations within the park, plus the adjacent Wentzel Lake herd, all of which are diseased. In contrast, but consistent with their disease-free status, we find the Ronald Lake and Harper Creek bison herds to be genetically differentiated from this larger WBNP herd, despite their close proximity. This highlights the importance of the Ronald Lake and potentially the Harper Creek herds for bison recovery. We also document the genetic impacts of translocation on the species, as the Mackenzie, NWT, and Elk Island National Park (EINP), Alberta, bison populations founded in the 1960s from WBNP animals are now genetically differentiated, but the more recently founded Hay Zama bison population is not differentiated from its source population, the EINP wood bison. Interestingly, factorial correspondence analysis, FST, and its high private allelic richness suggest that the Harper Creek population is significantly differentiated from all other bison populations studied. Though they are most closely related to WBNP populations, more study of this population is warranted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".