Ballistocardiogram signal as a measure of cardio-postural variation during orthostatic challenge
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ballistocardiogram (BCG) signal is created by the movement of the blood in the body, and has been recorded via standing on a force platform. Prolonged quiet stance is well understood to induce postural sway. Previous work has shown that blood pressure (BP), posture muscle activation (EMG) and center of pressure (COP) signals are related during quiet stance. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the BCG and BP, EMG and COP signal pairs to address the central question whether the BCG signal is associated with cardio-postural interactions during orthostatic challenge. The wavelet transform coherence method was applied to obtain time-frequency varying estimate of the coherence between the signal pairs. The significant (>threshold) and time-varying coherence found in the three frequency ranges (0.1-0.5, 0.05-0.1, & 0.01- 0.5Hz) suggested the presence of a time-frequency dependent relationship between the signal pairs. The results from this study highlight a potential interaction of the BCG signal with other relevant physiological signals during orthostatic challenge.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".