Efficacy of <i>Rhizobia</i> for Improving Photosynthesis, Productivity, and Mineral Nutrition of Maize
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rhizobia respond differently for improving physiology, nutrition, and yield of maize under field conditions. Therefore, in the present study, maize seeds (cv. Neelum ) were inoculated with Rhizobium phaseoli (strains RS‐1 and RS‐3) and Mesorhizobium ciceri (strains RS‐8 and RS‐12) and sown in fields (sites 1 and 2) having sandy clay loam soil. Plants inoculated with RS‐3 showed significant increases in plant height, fresh biomass, cob yield, grain yield, grain P, and shoot K contents, as compared to control at both sites. Whereas RS‐1 inoculated plants showed increases in the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, mesophyll conductance, and intrinsic/photosynthetic water use efficiency compared with control. RS‐8 inoculated plants showed highest 1000 grain weight, sub‐stomatal conductance and relative water content compared to control. However, the highest amount of crude protein, N in shoot/grain and shoot K contents were recorded due to RS‐12 inoculation as compared to un‐inoculated control. The findings of the experiments clearly demonstrated higher potential of RS‐1 and RS‐3 species over RS‐8 and RS‐12 for improving growth, physiology, and yield of maize plants under field conditions which might be due to a specific compatibility of RS‐1 and RS‐3 with maize cultivar Neelum , as the strength of association is determined by type and species of plant/bacteria and growth conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".