Bacterial Antagonism and Plant Growth Promoting Traits of Actinobacterial Strains Previously Selected for their Antifungal Properties
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background : Six rhizospheric actinobacteria previously selected for their antifungal properties ( Streptomyces griseus Lac1, Streptomyces rochei Lac3, Streptomyces anulatus Pru14, Streptomyces champavatii Pru16, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei subsp. dassonvillei Vic8 and Nocardiopsis alba Pin10) were tested against plant pathogenic bacteria and for several beneficial traits promoting plant growth. Materials and methods: In vitro antagonism assay was determined by the plate diffusion method against phytopathogenic bacteria ( Streptomyces scabiei EF-35, Agrobacterium tumefaciens AL3, Erwinia amylovora SL1 and Pectobacterium carotovorum CB2). In planta assay was performed on radish seedlings infected with S. scabies EF-35, using growth pouches. The root growth was estimated by analysis of data with the Winrhizo software. The indole-3-acetic acid (auxin) and siderophore were produced in liquid culture, detected by colorimetric assay and quantified by HPLC. Phosphate solubilization was determined on Pikovskaya’s agar. Results : Three of the six actinobacterial strains tested in vitro inhibited at least one (out of four) pathogenic bacterium. Strain Lac1 showed the largest growth inhibition spectrum (against Streptomyces scabiei EF-35, Agrobacterium tumefaciens AL3 and Erwinia amylovora SL1), while no actinobacterial strain showed the ability to inhibit the growth of Pectobacterium carotovorum CB2. During in vivo assays, strain Lac1 was the only bacterium to suppress the negative effects on the plant pathogen. All strains presented one or several characteristics of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria such as indole-3-acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization and siderophores production. Conclusion : This investigation revealed the potential abilities of the six strains for the biological control of plant pathogens, Lac1 emerged as the most promising biocontrol agent. Key words : Actinobacteria, bacterial antagonism, IAA, phosphate solubilisation, siderophores.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".