Instruments of Criminal Case Resolution Outside of the Main Trial Under Kosovo Criminal Legislation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Criminal case resolution out of the main trial includes the entirety of instruments through which is made possible by the resolution of a criminal case without having the need to be handled within the main trial. In Kosovo, the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kosovo recognizes four such instruments: temporary suspension of proceedings, mediation, punitive order and decision-making during the initial review of the indictment. By application of these instruments shall be realized benefits of state character (public), group benefits and by criminal proceedings parties itself (the defendant and victim). Modest results of this scientific paper indicate that in Kosovo during the period of time 2013-2015 courts and prosecutions have applied instruments of criminal case resolution in relatively rare cases. The number of resolved criminal cases through such instruments participates in general number of resolved criminal cases by only 8.99%. This conclusion results from the conducted analysis for the researching period of time to Basic Court of Prishtina, Gjilan, Mitrovica, Peja as well as for Basic Prosecutions. Therefore, is necessary for respective institutions of the country to stimulate the more common application of these institutions evaluated to be more practical, more beneficial to parties and less costly for the state budget. Therefore concerning this issue it is preferable to follow the experiences of modern countries such is the case with USA, England, Germany, Italy etc..
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.020 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".