Abstract 32: Is the Seattle Angina Questionnaire suitable for Chinese patients?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) has been widely used in China since it was introduced in 1996. However, the validity and reliability of the translated SAQ has never been assessed in published papers. Even worse, when we use the translated SAQ in clinical studies, we found some patients have difficulty upon understanding some items due to the translation and cultural inadaptation. In this study, we are going to find out if the SAQ is suitable for Chinese patients. Methods: Step one: to assess the psychometric properties of SAQ, 1787 angina patients’ data of our previous cross-section study was used. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to evaluate the construct validity, and internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient) was used to evaluate the reliability, and t-test was used to discriminate patients with different Canadian Cardiovascular Society Classification (CCSC) levels. Step two: to find out which item is unsuitable, semi-structured individual patient interview was used. Patients were asked to complete a copy of SAQ first, and then were asked did they encounter difficulties on understanding the items and why. Results: Step one: Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.885, but 0.605 for the quality of life domain. EFA showed 4 factors and couldn’t match the original five domains. More than 50% of patients give the same answer “mostly satisfied” to item 6-8 about treatment satisfaction, and these items can’t detect the differences among patients with different CCSC levels. Item 5 “bothersome of taking pills” is highly correlated with Quality of life domain other than the treatment satisfaction domain it is intended to measure. The correlation between item 6 and 8 is 0.816, which shows a redundancy. The reliability and validity of the translated SAQ is not satisfied. Step two: 92 out of 112 invited patients participated in the interview, 39 (42.39%) couldn’t understand item 10, and 7 (7.61%) of item 6. As to item 10, “feeling of the current angina if long-lasting”, patients were confused of the answer “level of satisfaction”, which result a low internal consistency of Qol. As to item 6, “everything is done for treatment”, 75 (81.52%) patients thought it’s the same meaning with item 8 “satisfaction with current treatment.” Maybe influenced by Confucian, patients chose “satisfaction” even their angina getting worse. Among the 1787 patients, 131 (7.33%) patients took nitros when angina attacked; however, 234(13.09%) patients took Chinese herbal medicine. So they couldn’t answer item 4 “frequency of nitros taken for angina” correctly. Conclusions: The currently used SAQ is unsuitable for Chinese patients. It doesn’t completely capture the characteristics and conditions of Chinese patients. Further study is needed to adapt both, the translation and culture of the SAQ.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".