Effects Of Differing 2 Minute Pacing Strategies On VO2, Muscle Deoxygenation And Performance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To examine the physiological and performance responses of 3 different pacing strategies during a 2 min cycling trial on well trained collegiate track athletes. METHODS: 5 Male (VO2peak = 54.81±7.49 ml/kg/min; Power output peak (POpeak) = 402.5±57.57 watts) and 6 female (VO2peak = 43.36±5.54 ml/kg/min; POpeak = 274.33±27.93 watts) varsity track athletes performed 3 pacing strategies on a cycle ergometer within a 10 day period. Test 1: A 3 min all out trial (AO) determined critical power and 2 min performance. Test 2: A constant power strategy (CON) calculated from the CP test with a final 30 s maximal effort. Test 3: A parabolic race strategy (PRS) utilising an initial 30 s period performed 5% above CON, followed by 60 s at 5% below CON and then a 30 s maximal effort finish. Breath by breath pulmonary VO2 and muscle deoxygenation (HHb) data from the vastus lateralis were collected from -10 to 120 s during the 3 pacing strategies. Blood lactate concentrations were collected pre and post all trials. RESULTS: Mean VO2 was different across the 3 trials (AO: 2.87±0.74L/min, CON: 2.56±0.68L/min, PRS: 2.71±0.71L/min, p<0.05). As was mean VO2 from -10 to 30 s, where AO elicited the highest VO2 and CON elicited the lowest (AO: 2.1±0.43L/min, CON: 1.61±0.46L/min, PRS: 1.76±0.47L/min, p<0.05). VO2 from 31 to 60 s in all trials was observed to be greater in AO than in both CON and PRS (AO: 3.06±0.82L/min, CON: 2.60±0.71L/min, PRS: 2.73±0.73L/min, p<0.05). Only AO VO2 was different from CON during 61 to 90 s of all trials (AO: 3.15±0.88L/min, CON: 2.95±0.79L/min, PRS: 3.06±0.82L/min, p<0.05), while there were no differences in mean VO2 over the final 30 seconds. Differences in % HHb change were only observed from -10 to 30 s of all trials. AO had a greater change than both CON and PRS from baseline (AO: 83.72±5.26%, CON: 74.42±8.27%, PRS: 73.39±10.41%, p<0.05). Mean PO of CON and PRS were higher than AO (AO: 335.88±88W, CON: 342.56±86.67W, PRS: 341.39±85.9W, p<0.05). Post-trial lactate levels for AO were higher than CON, but no differences were observed between CON and PRS (AO: 15.78±1.89mmol/L, CON: 13.84±2.1mmol/L, PRS: 14.19±2.34mmol/L, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: CON and PRS are superior strategies compared to AO for 2 min performance, despite the slower rate of adjustment of VO2 and HHb, and the lower glycolytic phosphorylation contributions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".